Someone (I cannot recall who) here at this site asked for information about the idea that the Islamic Shahada could be the Mark of the Beast. Below is Joel Richardson's chapter on the issue. This was a draft he provided me, and I am not sure how close it is to the one in his book coming out in April. I am afraid the various illustrations he provided will not show up on this format::
Chapter 27
The Mark, The Name, The Number And The Image Of The Beast
Of all of the various mysteries that students of the Bible have wrestled with throughout the millennia, the infamous Mark of the Beast is perhaps the most dogged and stubborn mystery of them all. From the earliest days of the Christian Church, believers have struggled to understand the nature of the Mark of the Beast. What exactly is this mark? And what is its relationship to the infamous number 666? The verses that speak of these things are few and fairly cryptic. They are only found within the pages of the Book of Revelation. Thus the mystery of Mark of the Beast is a puzzle tucked within a book that is often shrouded in mystery itself.
In the earliest days of the Church, some sought to use the Gematria—a mystical form of numerology—to unlock this mystery. They sought to find the number 666 encoded within the names of any number of archenemies of the Church such as the assorted Heresiarchs or the various Roman Caesars who persecuted the Church. In the last century, there have arisen all kinds of bizarre and often humorous speculations on this subject.
In the early 1970’s, various Protestant end-time thrillers popularized the idea that in the last-days, the actual number 666 would be visibly tattooed on people’s foreheads or wrists as an indicator that they have submitted to the Antichrist. In these days of bewildering technological advancement, with microchip implants and invisible barcode tattooing existing as very real technologies, some Christians are now anxiously awaiting the day when all people will be required to receive a microchip implant or an invisible Universal Product Code tattoo on their wrists or foreheads. And if those who hold to this notion were not anxious enough, in recent years the microchip implant has achieved a wide spread usage for pets. As such, I recently heard one individual jokingly remark that their dog had received the Mark of the Beast.
Perhaps there is something to the notion that the prophesied mark will indeed be some form of advanced-technology-based personal identification system, but to be honest with you, I’m quite skeptical. I’m not saying that this technology will not eventually be used in abundance throughout the world. In the same way that ATM bankcards are commonly used throughout the world, I’m quite sure that newer technologies will eventually replace them. But I am very doubtful that there will ever be a global enforcement of this technology for religious purposes. Perhaps this scenario makes some sense to those who know nothing other than life in the highly technological West, but in many parts of the world—particularly the portion that biblical prophecy centers around—there are still far too many people who have yet to see anyone so much as scan an item at the grocery store or swipe their debit cards to pay for items. While we in the West may be accustomed to running our products over the scanner at the self-serve checkout line, there are still vast portions of the world where this type of technology has seen extremely little use. Millions upon millions of people live tremendously simple lives and have no use for credit or debit cards, which we often take for granted. How then do we expect modern technologies such as invisible bar-code tattoos to penetrate every last corner of the world? As I said, while there may be some merit to the microchip or the UPC code idea, I simply see no reason to believe that this is what the Bible is talking about when it mentions the Mark of the Beast.
Please don’t take this the wrong way however, I am not presuming to have all of the answers. But as I said at the beginning of this book, my goal is to help the reader see things in a different light—through Eastern eyes—through the eyes of a native Arab speaker and a former Muslim. I believe that the information presented here will shed some new light on the nature of the Mark of the Beast and even more light on how it relates specifically to the number 666.
Before we begin, I want to say that I’ve always been of the opinion that our interpretations and ideas about the future as seen through biblical prophecy should have a fairly real-world feel. I am very uneasy about so many of the various prophetic scenarios that read more like a poorly done science fiction fantasy/thriller or a comic book than the world that I live in. I think that after you have completed this portion of the study, you will agree that what is suggested here not only makes sense, but it also in many ways demystifies the subject and is certainly a more plausible alternative than many of the other wild and sensational ideas that have been suggested in recent decades.
The Name, the Mark and the Number
Having now made this important qualifier, let’s delve right into Revelation 13:
He was given power to give breath to the image of the first beast, so that it could speak and cause all who refused to worship the image to be killed. He also forced everyone, small and great, rich and poor, free and slave, to receive a mark on his right hand or on his forehead, so that no one could buy or sell unless he had the mark, which is the name of the beast or the number of his name. This calls for wisdom. If anyone has insight, let him calculate the number of the beast, for it is man's number. His number is 666.
—Revelation 13:15-18
What is immediately apparent from this passage is that there are three ways to refer to the Mark of the Beast. While expressed differently, they are nevertheless essentially the same thing. And so we see that this passage uses these three following variations to describe the same reality:
• The Mark of the Beast
• The Name of the Beast
• The Number of the Beast
That the Mark, the Name and the Number are all essentially the same thing expressed slightly differently is the first important fact that needs to be underscored and remembered as we attempt to understand this mystery. So many attempts to understand this subject that I’ve read neglect this most essential point.
An Indicator of Allegiance
The next obvious and essential observation that needs to discussed is that all three of these elements—the Mark, the Name and the Number—are all indicators of allegiance and submission to—or even actual worship of—the Beast:
If anyone worships the beast and his image and receives his mark on the forehead or on the hand, he, too, will drink of the wine of God's fury, which has been poured full strength into the cup of his wrath. He will be tormented with burning sulfur in the presence of the holy angels and of the Lamb. And the smoke of their torment rises forever and ever. There is no rest day or night for those who worship the beast and his image, or for anyone who receives the mark of his name.” This calls for patient endurance on the part of the saints who obey God's commandments and remain faithful to Jesus. —Revelation 14:9-12
In the simplest of terms, the Mark of the Beast is essentially the emblem, the symbol or the identifying mark of the coming Beast kingdom. By donning this mark, people will be identifying with the Kingdom of the Beast as well as identifying with the values and beliefs that this kingdom represents.
Perhaps some will feel that this next point is unnecessary to make, but it is an essential point to grasp: The Mark of the Beast (the identifying symbol of the Antichrist kingdom) is not something that someone might accidentally embrace. It is rather, an outward indicator of an inward allegiance or submission to the Beast. As such, because it is only an outward expression of an inner belief and allegiance, it is something that one must choose to accept. Let’s be very clear here; the Scriptures make it clear that anyone who receives the Mark of the Beast will spend eternity in hell. One cannot accept the Mark of the Beast without also implicitly denying Christ as well. For biblically speaking, it is only a denial or rejection of Christ and his Gospel that can cause any individual to end up in hell. In a sad commentary, I’ve actually spoken with a few individuals who, although they lived a life that reserved absolutely no room for Christ as Lord, they nevertheless adamantly swore that they would never accept the Mark of the Beast! The Mark of the Beast is not some deviation, loophole or back door clause that Satan will use to bypass God’s normal biblical standards of justice in order to slip as many people into hell as he can. Yet as foolish as this may sound, there are some who perceive the Mark of the Beast in precisely this way. In receiving the Mark of the Beast, there is an implicit acceptance and identification with a very specific anti-Yahweh and anti-Christ theology. We will demonstrate this fact as we proceed below.
The Name of the Beast
Again, because the previous verse stated that the Mark of the Beast is also the Number or the Name of the Beast, the first of these three elements that we will examine is the Name of the Beast. By understanding the nature of “the Name” of the Beast, we will be much better able to understand the specific nature of the Number of the Beast and the Mark of the Beast as well.
The first point that needs to be understood is that in biblical thought, a “name” does not always indicate a literal name, as the modern western mind understands the term. In biblical thought, someone’s “name” is essentially a reference to the nature, the character, and the mission of the one who possesses it. It need not indicate a literal name per se.
Consider for example, the following references to Jesus:
He is dressed in a robe dipped in blood, and his name is the Word of God. —Revelation 19:13
On his robe and on his thigh he has this name written: King of Kings and Lord of Lords. —Revelation 19:16
Or of course, there is also the well-known passage in the Gospel of Matthew from the prophecy of Isaiah:
His name shall be called Emmanuel which means God with us
—Matthew 1:23
In all of these passages, the “names” of Jesus are not literal names. Mary and Joseph did not call Jesus Immanuel, nor did Jesus’ friends call him “the Word of God.” Instead these are all titles and/or descriptions that refer specifically to the nature and the character of who Jesus is. But here is the essential point that needs to be grasped: Beyond being mere descriptions of who Jesus is, the “names” of “The Word of God”, “King of Kings” and “God with us”, are also essentially Christian creedal statements. These names are statements of Christian faith and belief. Those who call Jesus by these names affirm that they worship “the man-befriending God”, who “for us men and for our salvation, came down from heaven and was incarnate of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary” (Nicene Creed)—He is the “the word which became flesh and dwelt amongst us” (John 1).
The Name Of The Beast: The Name Of Blasphemy
Now consider the following very different example, this time speaking of the “Name” of the Beast:
And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads, the name of blasphemy.
—Revelation 13:1 KJV
This verse is critical in helping us to solve our mystery. In the same way that the Great Harlot of Revelation 17 has her name: “Mystery Babylon, the Mother of Harlots” written on her forehead, so also does the Beast have his name written on all of his respective seven “heads”. But rather than giving us any specific name per se, the Bible simply says that the Name of the Beast is “the name of blasphemy”. The Name of the Beast and “the Name of Blasphemy” are one and the same. But what does this mean?
Firstly, lets define how we should understand blasphemy. Merriam Webster’s Dictionary rightly defines it in the following two ways:
a. The act of insulting or showing contempt or lack of reverence for God
b. The act of claiming the attributes of deity
And so, biblically speaking, a blasphemy in the general sense is an anti-Yahweh, anti-Christ word or deed. The second definition however, the act of actually claiming the attributes of God, is the highest form of blasphemy. Not ironically then, it is also the specific expressed sin of Satan who said in his heart, “I will be like the Most High” (Isaiah 14:14). Satan has always desired to be “like” God. He wishes to be considered equal to or even greater than Yahweh.
Now, if we look again at the verse, we see that the Name of the Beast is not simply a name of blasphemy, but rather it is the name of blasphemy. It is the highest quintessential blasphemy—it relates to a claim to possess the attributes or nature of Yahweh, the God of the Bible. As such, the Name of the Beast is a claim to be equal to or greater than God. Or reworded; the Name of the Beast will most likely contain or imply some form of anti-Yahweh and anti-Christ creedal statement of faith.
When one walks through the logic, this makes very good sense and it also helps to greatly demystify the subject. For we know that the Antichrist will be the premiere representative of a faith that worships not the God of the Bible, but rather the premier adversary of the God of the Bible. And of course, to complicate matters, the god of the Antichrist will not only be God’s premiere enemy, but he will also masquerade as the Most High God. This masquerading has always served a two-fold purpose. First, of course, it serves to fulfill Satan’s desire to be like or to replace God. And secondly, it also serves to confuse and deceive mankind into offering their worship to him in place of God.
The Shahada: Islam’s Blasphemous Creed
Since the earliest days of the Church, Christian theologians have expressed that many elements of the Book of Revelation would only be understandable as the day approaches. As world events begin to take shape, many believe that these events will illuminate the prophecies of the Bible. Because the idea of Islam as the primary vehicle of the Antichrist has not been largely explored up until this juncture in history, there has been little reason to look to Islam to help us solve these prophetic mysteries. However, because we believe that Islam is indeed the Antichrist system—and we have hopefully persuasively argued this case up until this point in the book, it is only reasonable that we would now turn to Islam to see if we might find any obvious corresponding “creeds of blasphemy” which we may identify as a possible fulfillment of the Name of the Beast.
Of course, as we have already seen in chapter ( ), the theology of Islam thoroughly—even systematically—fulfills all of the definitive elements of anti-Yahweh, anti-Christ theology as specified by John the Apostle in his first epistle. Beyond denying the Trinity, Islam also denies the Divine Incarnation of Jesus Christ as the Son of God, as well as his death, burial and resurrection. But beyond all of this, Islam has also even memorialized its anti-Yahweh, anti-Christ theology specifically in a creedal formula. The Shahada is the Islamic creed or declaration of faith. In Arabic it reads as follows:
La ilah ha il Allah, Muhammadan Rasul-Allah
Which means, “There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the one sent by Allah.” Below is the Shahada as it appears in Arabic calligraphy:
The two elements of this creed are the following:
• Allah is the only One True Supreme God and;
• Muhammad is the final prophet, messenger or apostle of Allah.
These two components of the Shahada, in a very succinct manner, perhaps better than any creedal statement could, perfectly fulfill both dimensions of the definition of blasphemy that we just discussed. First it attempts to claim that another god other than the God of the Bible as the Only True God. This is seen in the fact that the Bible is clear that there is only One True Supreme God, and His name is (most often pronounced as) Yahweh (or Jehovah). According to the Book of Exodus, this is the name that would forever delineate The One True God as distinct from all other so-called “gods”:
Moses said to God, "Suppose I go to the Israelites and say to them, 'The God of your fathers has sent me to you,' and they ask me, 'What is his name?' Then what shall I tell them?" God said to Moses, "I am who I am. This is what you are to say to the Israelites: 'I AM has sent me to you.' " God also said to Moses, "Say to the Israelites, 'Yahweh, the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob—has sent me to you.' This is my name forever, the name by which I am to be remembered from generation to generation. —Exodus 3:13-15
And secondly, the Shahada is blasphemous toward the God of the Bible because it attempts to place Muhammad in the position that only Jesus the Messiah could ever fill. And this claim from a person who, far from being a prophet which could ever supersede Jesus in any way, is instead a false prophet whose claims contradict the very basic tenants of Christian theology:
In the past God spoke to our forefathers through the prophets at many times and in various ways, but in these last-days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, and through whom he made the universe. —Hebrews 1:1-2
Yet despite the quintessentially blasphemous nature of the Shahada, it is recited into the ear of every Muslim child the moment after they are born, and likewise it is the verbally expressed, outward sign of conversion to Islam. And as we have just seen, it is clearly both an anti-Yahweh and anti-Christ creed.
Also very important to note that Muhammad stated that for every Muslim to enter paradise, he must supply a badge written on it “No god but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger” please ask me for the Hadith quote and reference, it’s quite amazing----
According to biblical theology, the Shahada could not be more perfectly blasphemous.
But before we move on, it is also important that we briefly explain here another important concept that could also likely relate to our discussion. It is the concept known within Islamic theology as Bay’ah.
Understanding the Bay’ah or the Pledge of Submission
In the early days of Muhammad’s career, he often asked those who had expressed a desire to follow him to make a pledge of allegiance or submission to him. This pledge is known as bay’ah. It is an outward oath or pledge promising allegiance—complete submission even—to the ruler. This concept is articulated in a hadith from the collection of Abu Muslim:
The Messenger of Allah called us and we took the oath of allegiance to him. Among the injunctions that he made binding upon us were: That we would listening to and be obedient to the Ruler (Amir) in both our pleasure and displeasure, in both our adversity and prosperity—even when somebody is given preference over us, without ever disputing the powers delegated to the man duly invested with them. Obedience shall be accorded to him in all circumstances, except when you have clear signs of his disbelief in (or disobedience to) God-signs that could be used as a conscientious justification for non-compliance with his orders. —Abu Muslim Book 020, Number 4541, Narrated by Junida b. Abu Umayya
After Muhammad died, this practice of making a pledge was carried on under the Caliphs. The Muslims would make a pledge of allegiance to the Caliph, and likewise the Caliph would make a pledge of allegiance to Allah to rule strictly according to Islam. As one reads through many modern Islamist books and articles that speak about the restoration of the Caliphate, the giving of the bay’ah is a very common theme. Like anxious children waiting and planning for Christmas morning, many very eager Islamists look forward to the day when all citizens of Dar-al-Islam (the regions and lands under the authority of the Caliphate) will be required to make the bay’ah pledge to the Caliph. According to Islamic tradition, those who do not make this pledge will die the death of an idolater:
One who withdraws his hand from obedience to the Ruler (Amir) will find no argument in his defense when he stands before Allah on the Day of Judgment, and one who dies without having bound himself by an oath of allegiance (bay’ah) to an Amir will die the death of one belonging to the days of Jahillyya (Pre-Islamic ignorance and idolatry). —Abu Muslim Book 020, Number 4562:
All said, for the purposes of our discussion, it is important to understand how Islam uses outward signs of identification to delineate those who believe a certain way versus those who do not. We are not surprised to find out then that it was in the lands of the early Islamic Caliphates that the practice was developed of marking Jews and Christians is a special way so as to make it clear who was and who was not a Muslim. This Islamic practice is what eventually led to the Nazi practice of requiring all Jews to don the yellow Star of David during World War II.
And so as we begin to piece together the puzzle, we have established the fact that the Name of the Beast is essentially a blasphemous anti-Yahweh, anti-Christ creedal declaration of faith that will be an essential aspect of the Beast religion. And because we believe that Islam is indeed that Beast religion, we have thus looked to it for evidence of such a blasphemous creed. And what we have found is that Islam’s premier creed; the Shahada perfectly fulfills our all of our theological expectations. Beyond this, we also shown that in the case of a Caliph—whom we believe will be the Antichrist—coming into power, we can be sure that the bay’ah or the pledge of allegiance and submission would be mandated to all who live under his dominion.
Understanding all of this, it is now possible to shed some light on the mysterious Number of the Beast.
The Number of the Beast
As stated at the beginning of this chapter, there are few supernatural or biblical mysteries that have accorded more research, confusion and debate throughout history than the enigmatic Number of the Beast. And yet, until this time, there has yet to be a single explanation brought forth that has made enough sense to gain any measure of universal recognition and witness within the Church. In fact, if we examine the two most commonly held explanations, we will see that neither sufficiently meets the criteria necessary to explain the meaning of this most significant passage. Briefly then, let us summarize these two leading theories concerning the Number of the Beast and examine why neither explanation is satisfactory.
666 as a Symbol of Mankind’s Shortcomings and Rebellion
This idea is rather simple and is based on numerological symbolism found in the Bible. This theory suggests that because the number seven so consistently throughout Scripture represents God’s divine perfection, that the number six represents fallen mankind’s shortcomings apart from God. Beyond this, it is explained that because the number 6 is repeated three times, that it represents the fullness of fallen and rebellious mankind. While this interpretation may be partially accurate, it cannot represent the ultimate meaning of the passage for a few reasons.
The first reason is that if indeed this theory articulates the full meaning of this verse, then how can this concept also be both the Name and the Mark of the Beast? In other words, as we have already explored, the Number of the Beast must represent something utterly blasphemous, not merely something that has fallen short. The second reason that this explanation is insufficient is because it is simply too vague of an explanation that does little to help us identify any specific Antichrist system or its leader. And in light of the vagueness of this interpretation, it also makes little sense in context. For if this verse were simply calling on us to recognize a system that represents fallen mankind’s spiritual shortcoming, then why on earth would it use such puzzling numerological symbolism to convey such an idea? Why wouldn’t it simply say what it meant rather than present such a vague concept to us in such a detailed and confusing puzzle. The dubiousness of this notion is particularly seen in light of the very strong importance that the Book of Revelation seems to place on the necessity of calculating or discerning this “number”:
This calls for wisdom. If anyone has insight, let him calculate the number of the beast, for it is man's number. His number is 666.
—Revelation 13:18
The Gematria
Having looked at one very common understanding of this verse, let us now look at the most common solution. The technique that the majority of scholars and students of the Scriptures alike have utilized to solve this mystery is what is known as the Gematria. Irenaeus, the second century bishop of Lyons, held to and discussed this interpretation in some detail in his Against Heresies. In short, the Gematria is a mystical form of numerology that assigns a numerical value to each letter from any given name. After the sum total of all of the letters are added up, the final result is the number of that individual’s name. If this sounds strange, that’s because it is. In fact, the use of the Gematria is closely rooted to a form of Jewish Kabbalistic mysticism—a practice that many have labeled as occultic. American pop-star Madonna for instance—not exactly anyone’s role model of biblical virtue—is a strong devotee of a pop-form of Kabbala. In any case, because of the possible occultic dimensions of this practice, some interpreters have suggested that this passage in Revelation has nothing to do with the Gematria at all, as the Bible would never condone such a device.
But beyond being possibly unbiblical and certainly strange, there are other far worse problems with utilizing this method to guide us in our understanding: First of all, nearly every name that you can imagine can be finagled in some way to produce the number 666. So for instance, I remember reading several years ago with sad interest, an article attempting to demonstrate that American President William Jefferson Clinton had a numerical value of 666. And thus, the author reasoned, President Clinton must therefore have been the Antichrist. The same conclusions have been applied to George W. Bush, Ronald Wilson Reagan, Bill Gates, Mikhail Gorbachev and nearly every other world leader or high profile power broker that you can imagine. But again, the problem is that in order to do this, one must convert an English name into Hebrew. Or perhaps one will not use Hebrew, but Greek. Scholars cannot agree as to which language we should expect to find the solution to this problem, nor does the Bible give us any indicator as to what it would recommend. And to complicate the matter, some have even have suggested that it should be found in Latin. Others yet have suggested that it is through using English, the lingua franca of our day that we will find our solution. When all is said and done, depending on which language one decides to use, and depending on how one transliterates the name from its original language, all of these elements expand the endless variables and possibilities and leave room for manipulating the end-result.
Let me give you an example of what I am talking about. Imagine that we were trying to “calculate” whether or not George Bush’s name has a numerical equivalency of 666. Since Latin has no W’s should we use two V’s? Or since Hebrew doesn’t really use vowels, how do we transliterate George into Hebrew properly? How many ways are there to do so? Beyond this, there is also the question of whether or not to use the middle name, or simply to use the first and last name. In President Clinton’s case, there is the question of whether to use Bill or William? Should the title of “President” be retained or not? Should the whole name add up to 666 or should each name—the first, middle and the last name—each simply add up to 6, thus leading to three sixes? Are you beginning to understand the problem? These types of variances go on and on and on. As such, with any name, there are sometimes a dozen possible variations, all of which may be equally legitimate and which also leave a bit of leeway for fudging the results that one wishes to find.
How then will anyone truly ever be impressed at all if some powerful individual comes along and his name is shown to have a numerical value of 666? Ultimately, if some world ruler comes along whose name—in one of its various manifestations—carries the numerical value of 666, will this be the sign that will wake up the Church to the reality of the Antichrist’s presence among us? I really don’t think so. Others have suggested that it will only serve as a confirming equation after the Church has pretty much already figured it out anyway. But this certainly seems rather anti-climatic. For if this is the case, then ultimately, what is the real purpose of this passage after all? Why such a strong command to discern the number of the Beast if it is only confirmatory after all? Whether anyone wants to admit it or not, this is a serious problem for those futurist interpreters who take the Book of Revelation seriously.
But beyond this obvious and very serious problem, there is yet one more problem with this theory that many Bible teachers are largely unwilling to discuss. It is the problem of the actual textual evidence itself.
666, 665 or 616?
While the following news may come as a shock to some—especially to those poor souls that perhaps in their younger and more foolish anti-God days, actually had the number 666 tattooed somewhere on their body—but the number of the beast may not even really be 666 at all. In fact, in the oldest fragment of the Book of Revelation that we have in our possession—the Oxyrhynchus Papyri LVI 4499—rather than the number 666, instead there is the number 616 in its place. (See Figure 1.)
Figure 1 The newest volume of Oxyrhynchus (P.Oxy. LVI 4499). The earliest known witness to this particular section of the Book of Revelation (late third / early fourth century). The number—chi (hexakosiai - 600), iota (deka - 10), stigma (hex - 6)—is in the third line of the fragment.
Irenaeus mentions in his Against Heresies, that he was aware of several texts of the Book of Revelation that contained the number 616 rather than 666. However, in all fairness to the traditional position, Irenaeus does argue thusly:
Such then being the state of the case, and this number being found in all the most approved and ancient copies passage is interesting, as showing how very soon the autographs of the New Testament must have perished, and various readings crept into the mss. of the canonical books. [of the Apocalypse], and those men who saw John face to face bearing their testimony [to it]; while reason also leads us to conclude that the number of the name of the beast, [if reckoned] according to the Greek mode of calculation by the [value of] the letters contained in it, will amount to six hundred and sixty and six. Adversus Haereses (Book V, Chapter 30)
In other words, Irenaeus claimed that the presence of 616 was due to a scribal error. Nevertheless, from this record, we know that the Oxyrhynchus fragment is more than a mere anomaly. Apparently the number 616 was commonly accepted in certain quarters of the early Church. And if all of this isn’t bad enough, there is also at least one text where the number 665 is found instead of either 666 or 616. (
http://www.csad.ox.ac.uk/POxy/beast616.htm)
Has God Commanded The Impossible?
So now again, let us consider this sticky wicket that we have found ourselves in as the believing Church. Firstly we believe that the Bible warns us to use wisdom and solve the mystery of the Number of the Beast. However, we must admit that we are to a degree at a loss as to the specifics of how to solve such a mystery. Should we use a Hebrew transliteration of any given suspect’s name? Or should we use a Greek or Latin transliteration? Or should we simply use English? And if we do use any such transliteration, how will we agree as to the proper transliteration, as there is usually more than one way to transliterate any given name from one language to another. Beyond this of course is the question of what form of any individual’s name we should use. Should we use the first and last name only? Or should we include the middle name as well? What about titles like President or King—should they be included also? And lastly, after having examined the earliest Greek New Testament fragments of the Book of Revelation—we are not even sure as to which number should we use! Should we use 616 because it is found in the earliest manuscripts, as is a common practice among translators? Or should we simply stick with 666 so as to stand by the traditional assumption?
Can you see the predicament that the Church finds itself in? We have been commissioned by God Himself to use wisdom and understanding to discern whom this Beast is, yet as we have seen, this is nearly an impossible task to do with the traditional method of using Gematria. Natural circumstances have made this task a fairly impossible request.
Or perhaps we have been approaching this subject matter from a completely wrong angle all along. What if God purposefully allowed the discovery of the textual variances in these latter times, in order to demonstrate the futility of our traditional methods of solving this mystery? What if there is a very different solution—just sitting there, waiting to be grasped?
Of course, most importantly, any such understanding must line up with what we have already come to understand; namely that whatever the Number of the Beast might be, it must also correlate with what we know about the Name of the Beast—namely its blasphemous anti-Yahweh and anti-Christ nature.
Chi Xi Stigma as Seen Through Arab Eyes
As has been said throughout this book, my effort in writing this has been to help the Western reader see these prophecies through my Eastern eyes. As a native Arab speaker, what I first noticed when I first read this passage that spoke of the Number of the Beast in its original language, I immediately noticed something quite disturbing and equally fascinating. What I noticed led me to question whether the number 666 in Revelation 13:18 was ever really intended to be a number at all, or if perhaps the “Number” of the Beast was originally something entirely different.
As soon as I began to examine the Greek text of the Book of Revelation, I immediately noticed that the Greek letters that are used to specify the number 666 (Chi Xi Stigma) look very much like Arabic words and Islamic symbols. While this may sound like quite a stretch to many, as we will see, the Greek letters in Revelation 13:18 most commonly assumed to be the number 666 look eerily similar to the Arabic phrase Bism Allah—“In the Name of Allah” in Arabic, then followed by the symbol of crossed swords which is used universally throughout the Muslim world to signify Jihad. The only catch is that in the Greek text, the name Allah is positioned sideways, or vertically rather than horizontally. Lets look at a few images below to see what I mean:
Image 2
From the Codex Vaticanus, AD 350. Bismillah (In the name of Allah) is clearly visible. The word “Allah” is at an upward angle and the two swords are clear.
Image 3
Here the word Allah is adjusted horizontally as Arabic would read.
Place Updated Arabic Caligraphy With Bismallah From Walid Here.
Image 4
Above, on the top line, we have arranged the actual words (from right to left) Bism (In the name of) Allah followed by the crossed swords of Jihad, taken from an Islamic emblem. Below them are the Greek letters Chi Xi Stigma. Notice the striking similarities between the letters, words and symbols. Of course, the clearest resemblances are the name Allah and the Jihad symbol.
Image 5
Here we have placed the Greek Xi exactly as it appears in the Codex Vatanicus Maniscript next to a flipped Allah.
It is important to point out here that Bismillah Al-Rahman Al-Rahim (In the name of Allah, most gracious, most merciful) is the most commonly used phrase throughout all of Islamadom. It is written or recited at the beginning of every letter, every sacred recitation, and it is mentioned before the slaughter of any animal. In short, it is both a symbol of Islam and perhaps the most widely used phrase throughout the Islamic world.
And so the question is now posed: It is possible that the Apostle John, while receiving his divine revelation, rather than actually seeing Greek letters representing the number 666, instead was shown Arabic words and an Islamic symbol which he then faithfully recorded? Could it be that years after John recorded these images, scribes who were commissioned with copying the text were unable to recognize the foreign words and symbols and thus slightly modified them into the Greek letters that most closely resembled these Arabic words and symbols? Could this difficulty explain why in some texts we have 666 and in others 616 and even 665?
I understand that this is quite a suggestion, and its ramifications are massive. However, consider the fact that the idea that I am offering here indeed meets the biblical requirement that the Name and the Number of the Beast both fulfill the same meaning, namely the Name of Blasphemy—or the name of Allah. While the Name of the Beast is also the Name of Blasphemy, so also then is the Number of the Beast a similar blasphemous name and slogan that is the very name of the god that will be worshipped by the final Antichrist Empire. But if this is so, then how would the English translation of Revelation 13:18 then read? First lets look at how the translators have dealt with the verse until this time. The translators no doubt transliterated word for word, then ascribed the interpretation that was most logical for the context of the verse:
Hode here
Esti is
Sophia wisdom
Echo let him that
nous understanding
Psephizo count/decide/reckon
Arithmos the number/multitude
Therion of the beast
Gar for
Esti it is
Arithmos the number/multitude
Anthropos of a man
Kai and
Autos his
Arithmos number/multitude
chi xi stigma 666
—Revelation 13:18
And now consider the alternate translation that the Allah Theory could produce. Consider that the Greek word Psephizo, translated above as “count”, can also quite naturally mean “reckon” or “to decide”. Likewise the Greek word Arithmos, translated above as “number” can also simply mean “an indefinite number or multitude.” (Strongs) With this in mind, consider the following alternate translation:
Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding reckon (or decide, discern) the multitude of the beast, for it is the multitude of a man [that is, Muhammad and or the Antichrist] and his multitude [are identified through the following] “In the Name of Allah and Jihad”
—Revelation 13:18
This is actually a possibility. Compare this possible translation with the following passage concerning the multitude of the Beast.
And he saith unto me, the waters which thou sawest, where the whore sitteth, are peoples, and multitudes, and nations, and tongues.
—Revelation 17:15
The whore sitting on the beast controls the “multitudes,” which are peoples and nations who are part of the Beast Empire. Beyond this, as we have already discussed, according to the Book of Daniel, these “multitudes” will worship “a god of fortresses”—or more clearly, a god of war—surely the best description that one could use to describe Allah, the god of radical Islam.
Likewise, we are not surprised then to see many similarities between the symbols of the various Islamic Jihad groups and the symbols that we have just highlighted as the identifying names and symbols of the Beast.
Consider for example the following images. Below is Tom Fox, age 55. Tom was a member of the Christian Peacemaker Teams a Canadian Quaker Human Rights worker who was taken captive in Iraq by an Islamist group known as the Swords of Righteousness Brigades. Notice the prominantly featured crossed swords motif that also features so prominently in our suggested interpretation of Revelation 13:18.
Tom’s body was later found atop a garbage heap. He died of gunshot wounds to the head and chest. His hands were tied and his broken body bore clear signs of torture. Tom is also seen here sitting with some Iraqi children shortly before his abduction and murder.
Here below we see the Symbol of Al-Muhajiroun, a British Islamic group. On both flags is the Islamic Shahada and behind them are the swords of Jihad.
Al-Muhajiroun
Again, as we see, the two swords and name of Allah are very common symbols among the various Islamist groups.
Hamas
The Mark of the Beast
And so, now having a working understanding of both the Name and the “Number” (or multitude or people) of the Beast, how can this help us to understand the nature of the Mark of the Beast? Lets look again at the verse which best describes the Mark of the Beast:
And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number [multitude] of his name.
—Revelation 13:16
Again, here we see the three variations of the Name of the Beast: Mark, Name (title), or Multitude (follower of this multitude).
Charagma—A Badge of Servitude
The Greek word charagma used for “mark” is actually a “badge of servitude” or of allegiance, ownership or servanthood. For instance, it could be used to refer to the branding on an animal signifying to whom the animal belongs. Strong’s Hebrew Lexicon defines charagma as “the mark stamped on the forehead or the right hand as the badge of the followers of the Antichrist.” In this case, the “Name of the Beast”—some variation of the name Allah, worn as a declaration of submission by Muslims, is precisely what we would be looking for. Also note that the phrase “right arm” is from the Greek dexios, which could also be translated “right side.” As discussed above, the Islamic Shahada is actually a declaration of allegiance and servitude to Allah and Muhammad. This declaration is worn by millions of Muslims on the forehead or right arm. It can often be seen among Muslim demonstrators and radical Jihadists (See images below). Of course, it is also very much worth pointing out that the very practice of wearing headbands with religious and political messages is a fairly unique practice found within Islam.
Shamil Basayev, the terrorist leader of a Chechen Islamic separatist guerilla movement. He was most famous for his involvement in the Moscow theater siege and the Beslan school massacre where 344 civilians were killed, 186 of them children, and hundreds more wounded. He was killed by an explosion in July of 2006. Notice the writing on his headband.
In the images below we observe that many of the headbands contain the very mottos, creeds, words and images that we have previously discussed.
In some cases, there is not even an attempt to veil the real satanic message behind the Islamic mottos and creeds. Behold the anti-Semitic spirit of radical Islam on display:
But wait! Surely the Book of Revelation teaches that followers of the Antichrist will be required to have a chip implanted on their foreheads or their arms/hands, does it not? My response to this notion is to say that if one actually studies the passages they will find nothing of this sort, but rather this conception is only one theory that has essentially developed a life all its own.
What then is the Image of The Beast?
And so, we now have a plausible explanation for the Mark, the Number (or Multitude) and the Name of the Beast. But there is yet one more component of this puzzle that we need to wrestle with before concluding this discussion. What about the “Image of the Beast”? Revelation 13 tells us that after the False Prophet arrives, his primary purpose will be to direct the world’s attention and even its worship toward the “Beast”. He is also said to execute great miracles, “even causing fire to come down out of heaven to earth in the full view of men” (Revelation 13:13). And then we find a very strange description of what is said to follow:
Because of the signs he (The False Prophet) was given power to do on behalf of the first beast, he deceived the inhabitants of the earth. He ordered them to set up an image in honor of the beast who was wounded by the sword and yet lived. He was given power to give breath to the image of the first beast, so that it could speak and cause all who refused to worship the image to be killed.
—Revelation 13:14-15
The picture that is often painted here is that the False Prophet will set up an “image”—an idol or statue—that will actually become indwelt by a demonic spirit and essentially come to life. After this, the statue itself will somehow force all people to worship the Antichrist. Those who refuse will be killed. The passage is clearly a modified allusion to the biblical story of King Nebuchadnezzar and the massive idol of himself that he had erected, which all of his subjects were demanded to bow before. However, because the Image of the Beast can both “speak” and enforce submission, it takes the historical story of King Nebuchadnezzar’s giant idol to an entirely new level. As such, it is admittedly quite a sensational picture, the reality of which is incredibly difficult to imagine. Some modern teachers, in an attempt to paint this passage in what they feel is a more palatable narrative, have speculated that the image is referring to some form of evil robot or an Internet version of “big brother”. Others, in an attempt to take the passage as literally as possible imagine that the Image of the Beast will be a literal spiritually animated statue. The position offered here, we feel is more plausible than any of these more sensational options. Beyond this, it maintains the necessary continuity between the Mark, the Number (or multitude), the Name and now, the Image of the Beast.
In order to understand what this mysterious “Image of the Beast” is, we need to first review who or what the “Beast” is. Throughout the passages in the Book of Revelation where the Beast is discussed, the identity of the Beast always maintains a dual meaning. On one level, the Beast represents the kingdom of the Antichrist, and on another level it represents the king of this kingdom—the Antichrist himself. The Beast motif is used to refer to either the king or the kingdom. The difficulty is in determining specifically when a verse is speaking primarily about the king and when it is moreso focusing on the kingdom. Yet, despite the fact that the king or the kingdom may be used interchangeably, nearly every popular interpretation of the Image of the Beast seems to focus exclusively on the idea that this image will correspond only to the king—the Antichrist. However, few have considered the notion that the Image of the Beast is not specifically set up to represent the king, but rather the Beast Empire. What we will argue here is that this is precisely what the verse is pointing to. But how could this be? How could an “image” be set up to represent a kingdom? The answer is actually fairly easy. Lets walk through this together.
On the surface, the language of the passage is admittedly describing a typical ancient statue-like idol reminiscent of Nebuchadnezzar’s giant idol. In the fact that it can “speak” we see that it is painted as possessing a personal nature. But will the Image of the Beast really be something so primitive and so brazen as a demon possessed statue? Too be honest with you, I simply don’t believe that this passage demands such. Everyone agrees that the earlier portion of the passage that describes the beast coming up out of the earth with two horns is not literal but rather represents a man, but when we come to the portion about a talking statue, suddenly many seem to demand a literal interpretation. Rather, in a way that is not uncommon for apocalyptic literature, the passage may simply be using a well known biblical narrative (the story of Nebuchadnezzar’s statue) to convey an unusual spiritual event or reality. But it does not necessarily need to outwardly reflect what occurred in ancient Babylon with people literally bowing before a statue and so forth.
But if the passage is indeed speaking about the Empire of the Beast and not the Beast specifically, which is certainly a genuine possibility, then how could an image pertain to a kingdom? Our answer may be found in the Prophecy of Hosea. For it is there that the word “image” is also used in connection with a kingdom:
For the Israelites will live many days without king or prince, without sacrifice or sacred stones, without ephod or terraphim.
—Hosea 3:4
Here we read that because of Israel’s unfaithfulness to God, she would soon find herself essentially without a national home. She would no longer possess some very important items that essentially defined her and through which she found her identify. These items would be the following:
• King
• Prince
• Sacrifices
• Sacred Stones or a Pillar
• Ephod
• Terraphim — ?
It is easy to understand the first five components. They were all things that represented Israel’s national political or religious identity and heritage. However, the final item—the terraphim—has been a difficult word for many translators to interpret. In general it represents a household graven image or an idol. However, one would certainly think that if Israel went without a national idol that this would be a good thing. Yet here in this passage, it is expressed a negative thing. Beyond this, if we look at the list, what we see are all things that give Israel its national identity in a positive sense. Obviously the passage was not speaking of an idol in the classic sense, as such would have no place among the other elements of the passage. For all of the other items listed with the terraphim are things that were blessed by God. The question then becomes; If Israel did not have a kingdom, what would it be without? Lets look again at the list of things to try to discover a pattern:
• King — A national ruler
• Prince — A future ruler
• Sacrifices — A national religion
• Sacred Stones or a Pillar — A national monument
• Ephod — A national religion
• Terraphim — A national image or emblem
Again, each of the items listed represent something that gives Israel its national identity. As such, because the terraphim represent something akin to a national idol or image, yet in this case, in a positive manner, it would have to be something as simple as a national emblem or image.
In the Book of Revelation, we see that the Antichrist will revive a kingdom, as well as an “image”, an emblem or a symbol that will represent this kingdom. This empire, which was wounded and destroyed, will attempt to regain its former dominion, power and glory. As we have discussed, the Mark of the Beast is also some form of emblem or symbol of the Beast Empire that carries with it a blasphemous creedal element. As such, an Islamic emblem imprinted on arms and foreheads is an excellent possibility of what may be represented in the Mark of the Beast. But to make an “image” or an emblem of a kingdom is to give it a sense of national identity:
He ordered them to set up an image in honor of the beast who was wounded by the sword and yet lived. —Revelation 13:14
To make or carry an image, a flag or an emblem of something is akin to expressing support for and allegiance to whatever the image or emblem represents. That is, the followers of the Beast will declare their support and submission to the Beast Empire and all that it stands for. They will espouse its purpose, its ideology or doctrines and its goals. But what specifically could the Image of the Beast then be?
The Crescent Moon As the Image of Allah
And so having concluded that an emblem or a flag could be what God was intending to warn us about when he spoke about the Image of the Beast, it is essential at this juncture that we point out a very important portion of Scripture with regard to the nature of this final enemy of mankind. The passage is found in Isaiah 14. It is here that we find the story of the sin and the fall of Satan. What we will discover when we analyze the passage a bit closer are some very telling points. The passage reads as follows:
How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! How art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the nations! For thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in the sides of the north: I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I will be like the most High.
—Isaiah 14:12-14
It is in this passage that we are given the name that has come down through the ages to signify Satan. It is the name Lucifer. Most of us have heard Satan referred to as Lucifer. In truth, the passage may not so much have been giving us a proper name as it was giving us a description of who Satan really is. He is described as Son of the Dawn (or Morning). In Hebrew, the words translated are Heylal Ben Shachar. What is even more fascinating however is that the word Heylal, which is translated in the King James as Lucifer is also found in Arabic, having a nearly identical meaning. Most specifically Hilal in Arabic means Crescent Moon. When we put the whole phrase together Heylal Ben Shachar, it simply means Crescent Moon, son of the Morning Star or the Dawn—or in simpler terms, a crescent moon with a star lingering over it. Of course, this has come to be the very symbol of Islam. Nearly every Islamic flag carries this symbol, as does nearly every mosque brandish this symbol on the pinnacle of its dome and/or its minarets. Consider the implications of this then: the very description that the Bible uses to describe Satan, Islam applies to itself.
Not surprisingly then, one particular Quranic narrative contains several of the very same elements that we find in the biblical account of the fall of Lucifer or Satan. In the Quranic surah entitled Qadr, (power or fate), we find a passage that speaks directly of the dawn—when the angelic host came down from heaven. Let’s look at the Quranic passage that describes the Night of Vision:
“We have sent it to thee in the Night of Vision, what do you know of this Night of Vision. The Night of Vision is better than a thousand months. The angelic hosts descend [to earth] in it with the Spirit by command of their Lord. Peace shall it be until the rising of the Dawn (Morning star).” —Surah 97:1-5
Paralleling the biblical narrative, we have:
• Angels descending
• The rising of the morning star or the Dawn (Satan or Allah)
• A so-called peace is established from that point onwards
According to Islamic tradition, this event occurred on the 27th day of the month of Ramadan. It was then that Muhammad allegedly had his encounter with the “angel” who revealed the Quran. Ramadan is the same month during which Muslims fast from dawn to dusk, basing the fasting season on the appearance of the moon. These words, in fact, parallel Scripture regarding Satan (the Dawn) being cast out of heaven, and taking one third of the angels with him.
It may also be interesting to note that the very sin of Lucifer in this passage as defined by the phrase uttered in his heart; “I will ascend… I will be like the Most High”. The word for ascend in Hebrew is Alah, the name used of course by Muslims for God. In the same way that Allah has laid claim to the title of Almighty God of the universe, despite the fact that he is simply an Arabian moon god, so also Lucifer’s desire was and is to be exalted as an equal to God Almighty. And so as if the divine hint found in the word Heylal, meaning both Lucifer and Crescent Moon is not enough, so also in the very same passage—the use of the word Alah for Lucifer’s sin—may indeed be another prophetic hint unveiling the identity of that ancient and very evil being hiding behind the title of Allah.
And so we may very well expect to see the very flag of Islam with the Crescent Moon symbol featuring prominently on it as the very banner of the revived Islamic Beast Empire. Will the final Antichrist Empire march under the flag of Lucifer? This then may be the Image of the Beast. Or perhaps it will simply be the flag that we have seen emblazoned behind Osama Bin Laden when he makes his televised speeches and on all of the pro-Caliphate web-sites. This would be a black or white flag with the Islamic Shahada written across it in Arabic calligraphy. Either flag would fulfill the purpose of a blasphemous emblem or image.
Beyond this, as we have seen in previous chapters, the nation of Turkey will play a prominent role in the final Islamic Beast Empire. Not surprisingly then, the former flag and emblem of the Ottoman Empire as well as the modern Turkish flag, each display a large crescent moon and star on a field of scarlet. Could it be that the Turkish Flag will fly over the Revived Islamic Beast Empire? Only time will tell.
There I saw a woman sitting on a scarlet beast that was covered with blasphemous names and had seven heads and ten horns.
—Revelation 17:4
Al-Hilal, Lucifer. The Flag of the Beast?
Conclusion
But how then can those who do not submit to the Beast Empire be forbidden to buy or sell or otherwise be killed? In light of all that we have learned concerning Islam, the answer is quite clear. The empire itself will be founded on Islamic law that will simply not allow anyone to live who does not submit to the empire. To be a functioning part of the empire, one must first be a Muslim—they need to have declared the shahada. Secondly, one will also need to make a pledge of allegiance and submission to the Caliph—they will need to make the bay’ah. There may even be an outwardly worn sign indicating that one is—or one isn’t—a submitted citizen of the Caliphate, which will simply be one more in a long line of world dictatorships that demand absolute obedience and submission. It is not difficult of course, to imagine what life could be like for devout Christians or Jews under such a government. It is certainly quite plausible that those who refuse to make the pledge will be unable to openly participate in society. Like the Jews in Germany and other Nazi occupied countries during WWII, so also will both Jews and Christians need to go into hiding if they wish to survive under such a government. Of course, it goes without saying that normal practices of buying or selling or doing business would be impossible under such circumstances. All in all, it is not at all difficult to image how a future Caliphate could fulfill all of the requirements specified by the Bible to fulfill the role of the Antichrist Empire. By requiring at the threat of death that all citizens of the Caliphate give the pledge or the bay’ah to the flag or the emblem of the Caliphate, we have what could be a very possible explanation for the future fulfillment of the Image of the Beast.
The Mark of the Beast In Islamic Eschatology
(link to Islamic site removed by Abiding)
In one final and fascinating note, with regard to both the “Beast” and “the Mark of the Beast”, Islamic eschatology has once again taken a very negative biblical concept and expropriated it for itself, portraying it as a very positive concept. This pattern seems to repeat itself wherever we look. Some of Allah’s very names in the Quran are the same names that are applied to Satan in the Bible. In the Quran, Allah is referred to as Al-Mutakabbir (The most proud), Al-Dharr (the Destroyer), Al-Mumeet (the Destroyer and the one who causes death). We have already seen that the numerous examples from Islamic tradition showing that the Muslim Messiah, Imam al-Mahdi will do many of things that the biblical Antichrist is prophesied to do. And now, we will show below that even the Beast and the Mark of the Beast are both viewed as positive things in Islamic eschatology. In looking at this whole development, it is difficult not to strongly consider the idea that Satan understood the Bible, and has orchestrated the development of Islamic traditions and prophecies so as to set-up the Muslims.
The Beast from the Earth as a Major Sign of the Last-Days
Among the Major Signs and significant characters that were not discussed in the section on Islamic Eschatology, is a bizarre and mysterious figure known in Arabic as Dabbat al-ard. In English, he is “the Beast of the Earth”. What will this Beast do and how does he relate to the Beast from the earth in the Bible? The answers to these questions are again, quite fascinating as they relate to our discussion.
In a sad and yet slightly humorous turn of events, Muslims actually believe that a genuine beast-like creature will literally emerge from out of the earth in the last-days. It is easy to see that this Islamic tradition found its origin in the Muslim misinterpretation and borrowing of Christian traditions from the Book of Revelation. Obviously, Muhammad mistook the clearly allegorical references in the Book of Revelation to the “Beast from the earth” for a literal creature, ultimately claiming this distorted tradition as part of his own emerging “revelation”. This misinterpreted and stolen tradition even made its way into the Quran itself:
And when the word is fulfilled concerning them, We shall bring forth a beast of the earth to speak unto them because mankind had not faith in Our revelations. —Surah. 27:82
Commentating on the above verse, Ibn Kathir has said that the beast will appear toward the end of time:
When disintegration, corruption, kufr [unbelief] and evil prevail, commands of Allah are ignored, the Deen [Islamic religious community] changed and made a mockery of, it is then Allah will take out the Beast from the earth. (Tafisr Ibn Kathir Surah 27:82)
The tradition of the Beast from the earth is found in many reliable Hadith:
Abdullah-b-Umar said, "I memorised a Hadith from the Messenger of Allah which I have not forgotten. I heard the Messenger of Allah saying, 'The first of the signs that will come is the rising of the sun from the place of its setting and the emergence of the Beast upon the people. Whichever of these two occurs before the other then the other is right behind it." (Sahih Muslim)
The Beast Will Mark the Faces of True Muslim Believers
Shaykh Ahmad Ali in his Major Signs Before the Day of Judgment relays the Islamic traditi